sample="quota" bates="MNAT00805749" isource="atc" decade="1980" class="ni" date="19810000" MEMORANDUM TO: Horace Kornegay FROM: Alfred Pollard RE: Recommendations of the Surgeon General 1981 Report The following are recommendations made by the Surgeon General in the course of his 1981 Report, entitled The Health Consequences of Smoking: The Changing Cigarette, along with suggested legislative ramifications: Cancer a. Call for persons not smoking to avoid beginning and for those who do smoke to stop. Supports a continuation of government anti-smoking efforts. b. Call for greater research of individual cigarette brands by government and industry. Supports legislation for greater funding to research the new cigarettes and their health risks and for greater powers for the regulatory bodies. c. Call for new "multidisciplinary centers" to study "tobacco and its diseases." Supports legislation for new Institute of Health or other research group. d. Call for specific studies of nitrosamines, nicotine, low tar cigarettes, cigarette smoke and others as carcinogens and of anti cancer agents such as vitamin A or retinoids. Supports legislation to fund these specific research projects. Cardiovascular Disease a. Call for research of low tar and nicotine cigarettes for their impact on coronary heart disease mirroring older studies of "high" tar cigarettes with increased emphasis on carbon monoxide. Supports legislation to fund this new research. b. Call for new analytical devices to determine the impact of smoking various types of cigarettes on the cardiovascular system. Supports legislation to fund this new research. c. Call for study of the impact of low tar cigarettes on overall effort to reduce prevalence of smoking in the population, with an eye toward the effect of encouraging low-tar-cigarette-smoking on the anti-smoking campaign. Supports legislation to fund this research, but more importantly supports efforts by the FTC to review cigarette advertising. Non-Neoplastic Pulmonary Disease a. Call for new studies of the effect of low tar cigarettes on bronchitis and emphysema with the development of new machinery and procedures to mirror different smoking patterns associated with low tar cigarettes. Supports legislation to fund this research. Pregnancy and Infant Health a. Call for a disease study of the population divided along the type of cigarette smoked, a study of the impact of cessation of smoking during gestation and on the infant, a study of the behavioral reasons why pregnant women continue to smoke despite warnings, a study of the impact of smoking on adolescent pregnancies, and closer study of the impact of smoking on the infant. Supports legislation to fund this research and possible laws to require product labelling for pregnant women. Pharmacology and Toxicology This section reviews current study methods and evaluates their relative merit. There are few areas which constitute recommendations which might have legislative ramifications, other than for increased funding. There is a call for better filters to limit nitrosamine intake; ther is the notation that many areas of research have not been explored; and, there is a call for improved smoking machines. Greater scrutiny of new cigarettes and smoker behavior with them is advocated. Finally a call for greater research into carbon monoxide is made. Behavioral Aspects a. Call for study of nicotine effect on smoking, of tolerance and physical dependence, and of means for improving cigarette smoking machine reflection of actual usage. Supports legislation to fund this research. b. Call for study of usage of cigarettes among teenagers, with an emphasis on the impact of low tar cigarettes on teenagers and adults. A call is made for clinical testing facilities and for a standardized research cigarette for use in behavioral research. Supports legislation to fund this and possible action by FTC.