sample="quota" bates="2050941296" isource="pm" decade="1970" class="ui" date="19750219" Accession No. 75-029 Copy No. 16 Issued to PHILIP MORRIS U. RESEARCH CENTE CHARGE NO & TITLE: 2100 New Product Development TYPE REPORT: ANNUAL SEMIANNUAL COMPLETION X in circle SPECIAL DATE: February 19, 1975 PERIOD COVERED: April 21, 1972 to January 1, 1975 INITIAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE R&D SMOKING POPULATION BY THEIR AVERAGE PUFF VOLUME CONFIDENTIAL WRITTEN BY M. F. Kelley APPROVED BY P. N. Gauvin L. F. Meyer DISTRIBUTION: Dr. H. Wakeham Mr. F. Resnik Mr. R. Thomson Dr. T. Osdene Dr. P. Eichon Mr. L. Meyer Mr. W. Claflin Mr. C. Lilly Dr. D. Lovitz Dr. W. Dunn Mr. F. Daylor Dr. R. Fagan Mr. H. Daniel Ms. B. Goodman Mr. F. Ryan Central File (2) Indexer KEYWORDS: Smoker Profile Recorder Human Smoker Simulator Smoker Profile Smoker Parameters TABLE OF CONTENT Page I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. CONCLUSIONS 1 III. DISCUSSION 1 A. Tables 1. Classification of the R&D Smoking Population By Their Average Puff Volume. 4 2. Statistical Analysis Data Used to Prepare the Five Representative Smoker Command Tapes. 5 3. Smoker Data, By Class, Used to Obtain Representative TPM Data. Same DATA in Graph Figure 3. 5 4. Puff by Puff TPM Data on Smoker Representative From Each Class. 8 B. Appendix 1. Specific Parameter Data on Each of the 37 Smokers By Class 9 2. Graphs of Statistical Analysis Data for Comparison of Each Parameter for Each Representative Smoker 16 3. Volume Recovery Data on Command Tapes Taken With Bubble Tester. 21 4. Strip Chart Data on Each Port of Simulator Taken During TPM Determination 27 I. INTRODUCTION Since the initiation of the Smoker Simulator Studies Program numerous pieces of data have been collected on smoking subjects. Initially, the data was accumulated to support the development of project equipment: the Smoker Profile Recorder and the Human Smoker Simulator. Recently a portion of the data was tabulated for presentation in this report and additional information collected to give a broader insight of the human smoker. II. CONCLUSIONS: From the data collected on R&D smoking population and presented in this report several conclusions may be drawn: 1. The smoking parameters; puff volume, puff duration, puff flow rate, puff interval, and number of puffs for human smokers differ widely in magnitude from Standard Smoking Procedure Parameters. (Table 3) (Appendix 1). 2. The Puff X Puff TPM obtained on Representative Smokers from each class is much higher than the standard data (Table 4). 3. The testing standards presently used to examine new and modified products may require revision. 4. A complete understanding of a cigarette product's performance under actual use is essential in the development of new products acceptable to the consumer. III. DISCUSSION Through the application of the Smoker Profile Recorders, the Human Smoker Simulator, and an extensive Computer Program a considerable quantity of profile data has been collected on the majority of the R&D smoking population. The General Data Collection File now contains profile data on 144 smokers, smok- ing from 2 - 4 cigarettes of their own brand. From this group, profile data on 37 smokers (9 B&H and 20 Marlboro 85) has been hand-tabulated for an initial classification. The data was based on the smoker's average puff volume. It was determined from the average puff volume calculated for each of the 37 that this group spanned a volume range of 25 - 99 cc. This span has been arbitrarily divided into 5 classes with each having a range of 14 cc. Data on each smoker placed in his respective class is given in Appendix 1. The remaining parameters (maximum flow rate, duration, interval, and number of puffs) in Appendix 1 are the low and high values from each cigarette smoked. The low to high range was concluded to be more informative than a single average value which does not reflect the latitude of the human smoker. The extensive data in Appendix 1 was further refined, resulting in Table 1 which provides concise data on each smoker class. The range concept was retained in Table 1 for flow, duration, interval, and number of puffs as the average low and average high values. The remainder of the 144 smokers will be classified with the computer. Data from the enlarged classification will be submitted in a future memo. The computer program is being written to provide the desired classified data from the General Data Collection's IBM card bank on smokers. From each of the five classes, one representative Marlboro 85 smoker was selected for determining Puff X Puff TPM data on the Smoker Simulator. The total smoking data accumulated on the selected smokers was submitted for statistical analysis to determine an average smoker profile for each smoker. The statistical analysis data (Table 2) was used to calculate the average profile data on each smoker as shown in Table 3 and by graph, Figure 3. This same statistical analysis data was used by the Computer Group to prepare five Command Tapes for Simulator smoking. Puff X Puff TPM data, on Marlboro 85 (Table 4), was obtained using these five tapes to command the Smoker Simulator. Table 4 TPM data represents an average smoking on each of the selected smokers. All TPM data, including the C.I., is an average of two duplicate determinations and each determination consists of 20 cigarettes. Appendix 2-4 illustrates checking procedures used to insure the accuracy of TPM data. The numerical data calculated (from the statistical analysis of smokers) to prepare the figures in Appendix 2 is used to check computer input data on the Command tapes. Bubble test volume data (Appendix 3) was determined on the Simulator just before TPM runs were performed to check the Simulator operation and to verify computer data on the tape. An average of the volumes recovered from Ports 1 - 4 should not deviate from the theoretical value by more than ± 41. Strip Charts (Appendix 4) were run to check the Simulator performance at the same time that TPM were being run. A. TABLES B. APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 SPECIFIC PARAMETER DATA ON EACH OF THE 37 SMOKERS BY CLASS Profile data on 144 smokers, smoking 2 - 4 cigarettes of their own brand has been accumulated in the General Data Collection File. A hand-tabulation of 37 of these smokers (9 B&H and 28 Marlboro 85) data has been made for an initial classification. The classification was based on the smoker's average puff volume. From the average puff volume calculated for each of the 37 it was determined that the group spanned a volume range of 25-99 cc. This span has been arbitrarily divided into five classes with each having a range of 14 cc. Data on each smoker placed in his respective class is given in Appendix 1. The remaining parameters (maximum flow rate, duration, interval, and number of puffs) in Appendix 1 are the low and high volume from each cigarette smoked. Class I Smoker Data, page 10. Class II Smoker Data, pages 11, 12. Class III Smoker Data, page 13. Class IV Smoker Data, page 14. Class V Smoker Data, page 15. This document belongs to Philip Morris U.S.A. It cannot be photocopied. It cannot be transferred to a colleague. It must be returned to R&D's Central File as soon as you have no further use for it. This document belongs to Philip Morris U.S.A. It cannot be photocopied. It cannot be transferred to a colleague. It must be returned to R&D's Central File as soon as you have no further use for it. APPENDIX 2 GRAPHS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS DATA FOR COMPARISON OF EACH PARAMETER FOR EACH REPRESENTATIVE SMOKER Plots of individual parameters are frequently used to compare smokers and/or to examine the effect of cigarette changes on each parameter. The data calculated to prepare the graphs is also used as a check on the data input to a command tape. Heading on Graphs: Volume versus Number of Puffs Class 1-5, page 17 Max. Flow Rate versus Number of Puffs Class 1-5, page 18 Duration versus Number of Puffs Class 1-5, page 19 Interval versus Number of Puffs Class 1-5, page 20 This document belongs to Philip Morris U.S.A. It cannot be photocopied. It cannot be transferred to a colleague. It must be returned to R&D's Central File as soon as you have no further use for it. APPENDIX 3 VOLUME RECOVERY DATA ON COMMAND TAPES TAKEN WITH A BUBBLE TESTER Prior to TPM data collection on a Command tape, a volume recovery determination with a bubble tester is made on each puff and each port of the Simulator. The testing provides a check on the computer preparation of the tape, Simulator performance, and the percent accuracy of the TPM to be obtained. Class I, Volume Recovery Data, page 22 Class II, Volume Recovery Data, page 23 Class III, Volume Recovery Data, page 24 Class IV, Volume Recovery Data, page 25 Class V, Volume Recovery Data, page 26 This document belongs to Philip Morris U.S.A. It cannot be photocopied. It cannot be transferred to a colleague. It must be returned to R&D's Central File as soon as you have no further use for it. APPENDIX 4 STRIP CHART DATA ON EACH PORT OF SIMULATOR TAKEN DURING TPM DETERMINATIONS The strip chart data, at 0.25 mm/sec. speed, is collected as a checking procedure during the TPM determinations. The readout shows each port's tran response, resulting from the actual puff taken on the cigarette. An example of incorrect response, resulting from a malfunction, is seen on the sheet for Class I, puff 3, port 3 marked with an arrow. Checking procedures are considered essential at this stage to insure the accuracy of results. Strip Chart, Class I, page 28 Strip Chart, Class, IV, page 29